نشریه سیاست نامه علم و فناوری
سال چهارم شماره 3 (پیاپی 8، پاییز 1393)

Employment is a decisive factor for economic growth, distribution of wealth, and the maintenance of human dignity. An appropriate employment gives rise to the happiness for an employee, enhances his or her satisfaction with their career, and improves the efficiency of work processes. One of the purposes of higher education is to train skilled labor force for the society and the employment market. In other words, higher education is responsible for creating the necessary knowledge, skill, and attitude for the employment. The present paper, based on the current theoretical viewpoints, tries to answer the following question: "Why do the university graduates prefer to continue their education at higher levels instead of finding employment in the labor market?"

The Important role of science and technology in achieving sustainable developments highlighted its consideration in governments’planning. Governments consider this issue by using science and technology policy as the main instrument. To this end, formulating effective mechanisms for science and technology policymaking is the foremost priority that should be taken into account. This paper attempts to analyze the processes of policymaking in the Supreme Council for Science, Research and Technology (SCSRT) as a responsible institution for policymakingof science and technology in Iran. In the first step, the relevant literature of policymaking models is shortly reviewed. Comparing different characteristics of the reviewed models, the Policy Process Model is selected as the most appropriate model to map the core processes of policymaking in SCSRT. In the second step, the existing processes, established actors, and their tasks in the current situation are identified and their correspondences to the main processes of the Policy Process Model are analyzed. As a result of this analysis, the missed processes in the policymaking mechanisms of SCSRT are identified and related solutions for their improvement are proposed.

Investigation in the scientific collaboration between scientists is a popular topic in science assessment discipline, which has been welcomed in recent years. Scientists’ collaboration at international level is a broad form of scientific cooperation, which the studies in this area have emphasized its importance and benefits. The present study aimsto draw a schematic pictureon research and scientific collaborationbetween Iranian researchers and some other researchers from seven developing countries in 2000-2012.Also this proposes some approaches for developing scientific collaboration among those countries. The findings shows that Turkey, Iran, and Malaysia are three main producers of science among developing countries in the world. Although scientific collaborationbetween Iran and other developing countries has been developed in recent years, this development isalso of low level.Just a very small percentage of Iranian researchers have cooperated with researchers of seven other countries. It seems that a planning for diagnosing and removingthe barriers of cooperation may help to improve this situation. Besides,the approach of policymakers ofdeveloping countries must be better toward Iran andthe mutual agreements and the between Iranian and their universities should be admitted as well.These activities may contribute to the improvement of the present situation of scientific cooperation between Iran and other developing countries.

Measurement of quality of services is of greatimportance in determining the level of improvement in an organization, such as university. Universities, which are the main centers forproducing the science and knowledge, should always measure the quality of their research and educational services, in order to improve the satisfaction level of college students, teachers, and other classesof society. Also not using a scientific method to evaluate and improve the quality of these services will make improper use of intellectual capacities of society and poor policymaking in the field of research. Regarding the importance of research in universities, in this study we surveyed the quality of research services in Yazd University by means ofthe SERVQUAL Model and provide an improved model for this type of services. Thus, at first we created the questionnaire for evaluation of quality of research services.Thenthe validity and reliability confirmation of the questionnaire, distributed in thestatistical society, has been evaluated. The result of this research illustrates a negative gap in all dimensions of the SERVQUAL Model. Furthermore,the 19 indexes havinga negative gap,by use ofthe KANO Model, were classified under three categories as follows: “Essential Requirements”, “One Dimensional Requirements” and “Attractive Requirements”. In order to identify the improvement priorities, the indicators were ranked in each of these three categories. The result of the ranking shows that “sufficientknowledge aboutthe employees and their adequacy to respond theprofessors’ questions” is the main factor in the satisfaction ofresearch services in state universities.

This paper provides a modelfor assessing the innovation and governmental corporation maturity in the industrial clusters. Implementing the methods of cluster development needsto assessthis process of maturity.For this reason, policymakers and planners need researches in this area to access to this higher process.This study was carried out by using thequalitative methods,a case study strategy, and performing semi-structured interviews with 16 experts of textile industry and clusters. Findings,takethe innovation and governmental corporation maturity of textile clusters in the Yazd Province into the account in a qualitative way and show that theseclusters is in the second stage of maturity (managed).